Textile factories are considered high-risk due to the high use of flammable materials, chemicals, and electrical equipment used in their production processes. Therefore, fire safety in these facilities is not only a legal requirement but also vital for occupational safety and business continuity.
Elements that Create Fire Hazards
Flammable Materials:
· Textile raw materials such as cotton, polyester and wool catch fire easily.
· Fiber dust can remain suspended in the air and create an explosive atmosphere.
Chemical Use:
· Solvent-based chemicals used in dyeing and finishing processes are flammable.
· In case of incorrect storage or leakage, the risk of fire increases.
Electrical Risks:
· Intensive machine use increases electrical load.
· Old or inadequate electrical installations bring the risk of short circuits.
Human Errors:
· Improper welding work, smoking or use of open flames.
Effective Protection Strategies
Fire Detection and Alarm Systems
· An early warning system should be installed with addressable smoke and heat detectors.
· Fire alarm buttons should be easily accessible in every section.
· Automatic SMS, siren and news center integration should be provided.
Fire Extinguishing Systems
· Spray/water sprinkler systems should be installed in production areas.
· In chemical areas, gaseous (FM200, CO2) or dry powder systems should be preferred.
· Portable fire extinguishers (CO2, ABC type) should be kept at certain points.
Electrical Safety
· Periodic electrical installation checks should be made.
· Overload protection, residual current relay and grounding systems should be checked.
Chemical Substance Management
· Storage must be in accordance with MSDS documents.
· Chemicals should be kept in separate compartments and fire-resistant cabinets.
Training and Exercise
· All staff should receive regular fire safety training.
· A fire drill should be held at least once a year.
Emergency Plan and Evacuation Order
· Directional signs and emergency exit lighting should be placed throughout the factory.
· Evacuation routes must always be clear and unobstructed.
Conclusion
Fires in textile factories can lead to significant financial and workforce losses. Preventing these risks is possible with fire systems equipped with technological solutions, regular maintenance, knowledgeable personnel, and controlled processes. Security investments play a critical role not only in the event of a fire but also in preserving the reputation and continuity of a business.
